Austrian chemist who received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1925
for research on colloids, which consist of submicroscopic particles
dispersed throughout another substance. He invented the ultramicroscope
in the pursuit of his research. While employed in a glassworks (1897) Zsigmondy directed his attention
to colloidal gold present in ruby glass, and he discovered a water suspension
of gold. He theorized that much could be learned about the colloidal
state of matter from studying the manner in which the particles scatter
light. To facilitate such study, he and Heinrich Siedentopf developed
the ultramicroscope (1903), and Zsigmondy used it to investigate various
aspects of colloids, including Brownian motion. His work proved particularly
helpful in biochemistry and bacteriology.
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