German biochemist who was awarded the 1907 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for demonstrating that the fermentation of carbohydrates results from the action of different enzymes contained in yeast and not the yeast cell itself. He showed that an enzyme, zymase, can be extracted from yeast cells and that it causes sugar to break up into carbon dioxide and alcohol. Eduard Buchner was born in Munich on May 20, 1860, the son of Dr. Ernst
Buchner, Professor Extraordinary of Forensic Medicine and physician
at the University, and Friederike nee Martin. In 1893 the first experiments were made on the rupture of yeast cells;
but because the Board of the Laboratory was of the opinion that "nothing
will be achieved by this"- the grinding of the yeast cells had
already been described during the past 40 years, which latter statement
was confirmed by accurate study of the literature- the studies on the
contents of yeast cells were set aside for three years. In the autumn
of 1893 Buchner took over the supervision of the analytical department
in T. Curtius' laboratory in the University of Kiel. Buchner married Lotte Stahl in 1900. When serving as a major in a
field hospital at Folkschani in Roumania, he was wounded on August 3,
1917. Of these wounds received in action at the front, he died at Munich
on the 12th of the same month. |
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